October 15, 2017
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HTML outlines are utilized to isolate your program window into different segments where each segment can stack a different HTML record. A gathering of edges in the program window is known as a frameset. The window is isolated into outlines likewise the tables are composed: into lines and sections.
Burdens of Frames
There are couple of downsides with utilizing outlines, so it's never prescribed to utilize outlines in your pages −
Making Frames
To utilize outlines on a page we utilize <frameset> tag rather than <body> tag. The <frameset> tag characterizes, how to isolate the window into outlines. The columns property of <frameset> tag characterizes flat edges and cols characteristic characterizes vertical edges. Each casing is demonstrated by <frame> tag and it characterizes which HTML archive might open into the edge.
Note − The <frame> tag expostulated in HTML5. Try not to utilize this component.
Case
Following is the case to make three flat edges −
How about we put the above case as takes after, here we supplanted lines quality by cols and changed their width. This will make all the three casings vertically −
The <frameset> Tag Attributes
Following are imperative qualities of the <frameset> tag −
The <frame> Tag Attributes
Following are the essential traits of <frame> tag −
Program Support for Frames
On the off chance that a client is utilizing any old program or any program, which does not bolster outlines then <noframes> component ought to be shown to the client.
So you should put a <body> component inside the <noframes> component on the grounds that the <frameset> component should supplant the <body> component, yet in the event that a program does not comprehend <frameset> component then it ought to comprehend what is inside the <body> component which is contained in a <noframes> component.
You can put some decent message for your client having old programs. For instance, Sorry!! your program does not bolster outlines. as appeared in the above illustration.
Casing's name and target qualities
A standout amongst the most prevalent employments of edges is to put route bars in a single casing and afterward stack principle pages into a different casing.
How about we see following case where a test.htm record has following code −
Here, we have made two sections to load with two edges. The main casing is 200 pixels wide and will contain the route menu bar actualized by menu.htm record. The second section fills in outstanding space and will contain the fundamental piece of the page and it is actualized by main.htm record. For all the three connections accessible in menu bar, we have specified target outline as main_page, so at whatever point you click any of the connections in menu bar, accessible connection will open in primary page.
Following is the substance of menu.htm document
Following is the substance of main.htm document −
Presently you can attempt to click joins accessible in the left board and see the outcome. The targetattribute can likewise take one of the accompanying esteems −
Burdens of Frames
There are couple of downsides with utilizing outlines, so it's never prescribed to utilize outlines in your pages −
- Some littler gadgets can't adapt to outlines frequently in light of the fact that their screen isn't sufficiently enormous to be partitioned up.
- Here and there your page will be shown distinctively on various PCs because of various screen determination.
- The program's back catch won't not fill in as the client trusts.
- There are as yet couple of programs that don't bolster outline innovation.
Making Frames
To utilize outlines on a page we utilize <frameset> tag rather than <body> tag. The <frameset> tag characterizes, how to isolate the window into outlines. The columns property of <frameset> tag characterizes flat edges and cols characteristic characterizes vertical edges. Each casing is demonstrated by <frame> tag and it characterizes which HTML archive might open into the edge.
Note − The <frame> tag expostulated in HTML5. Try not to utilize this component.
Case
Following is the case to make three flat edges −
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>HTML Frames</title> </head> <frameset rows = "10%,80%,10%"> <frame name = "top" src = "/html/top_frame.htm" /> <frame name = "main" src = "/html/main_frame.htm" /> <frame name = "bottom" src = "/html/bottom_frame.htm" /> <noframes> <body>Your browser does not support frames.</body> </noframes> </frameset> </html>Illustration
How about we put the above case as takes after, here we supplanted lines quality by cols and changed their width. This will make all the three casings vertically −
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>HTML Frames</title> </head> <frameset cols = "25%,50%,25%"> <frame name = "left" src = "/html/top_frame.htm" /> <frame name = "center" src = "/html/main_frame.htm" /> <frame name = "right" src = "/html/bottom_frame.htm" /> <noframes> <body>Your browser does not support frames.</body> </noframes> </frameset> </html>
The <frameset> Tag Attributes
Following are imperative qualities of the <frameset> tag −
| Sr.No | Attribute & Description |
|---|---|
| 1 |
cols
Specifies how many columns are contained in the frameset and the size of each column. You can specify the width of each column in one of the four ways −
Absolute values in pixels. For example, to create three vertical frames, use cols = "100, 500, 100".
A percentage of the browser window. For example, to create three vertical frames, use cols = "10%, 80%, 10%".
Using a wildcard symbol. For example, to create three vertical frames, use cols = "10%, *, 10%". In this case wildcard takes remainder of the window.
As relative widths of the browser window. For example, to create three vertical frames, use cols = "3*, 2*, 1*". This is an alternative to percentages. You can use relative widths of the browser window. Here the window is divided into sixths: the first column takes up half of the window, the second takes one third, and the third takes one sixth.
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| 2 |
rows
This attribute works just like the cols attribute and takes the same values, but it is used to specify the rows in the frameset. For example, to create two horizontal frames, use rows = "10%, 90%". You can specify the height of each row in the same way as explained above for columns.
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| 3 |
border
This attribute specifies the width of the border of each frame in pixels. For example, border = "5". A value of zero means no border.
|
| 4 |
frameborder
This attribute specifies whether a three-dimensional border should be displayed between frames. This attribute takes value either 1 (yes) or 0 (no). For example frameborder = "0" specifies no border.
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| 5 |
framespacing
This attribute specifies the amount of space between frames in a frameset. This can take any integer value. For example framespacing = "10" means there should be 10 pixels spacing between each frames.
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The <frame> Tag Attributes
Following are the essential traits of <frame> tag −
| Sr.No | Attribute & Description |
|---|---|
| 1 |
src
This attribute is used to give the file name that should be loaded in the frame. Its value can be any URL. For example, src = "/html/top_frame.htm" will load an HTML file available in html directory.
|
| 2 |
name
This attribute allows you to give a name to a frame. It is used to indicate which frame a document should be loaded into. This is especially important when you want to create links in one frame that load pages into an another frame, in which case the second frame needs a name to identify itself as the target of the link.
|
| 3 |
frameborder
This attribute specifies whether or not the borders of that frame are shown; it overrides the value given in the frameborder attribute on the <frameset> tag if one is given, and this can take values either 1 (yes) or 0 (no).
|
| 4 |
marginwidth
This attribute allows you to specify the width of the space between the left and right of the frame's borders and the frame's content. The value is given in pixels. For example marginwidth = "10".
|
| 5 |
marginheight
This attribute allows you to specify the height of the space between the top and bottom of the frame's borders and its contents. The value is given in pixels. For example marginheight = "10".
|
| 6 |
noresize
By default, you can resize any frame by clicking and dragging on the borders of a frame. The noresize attribute prevents a user from being able to resize the frame. For example noresize = "noresize".
|
| 7 |
scrolling
This attribute controls the appearance of the scrollbars that appear on the frame. This takes values either "yes", "no" or "auto". For example scrolling = "no" means it should not have scroll bars.
|
| 8 |
longdesc
This attribute allows you to provide a link to another page containing a long description of the contents of the frame. For example longdesc = "framedescription.htm"
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On the off chance that a client is utilizing any old program or any program, which does not bolster outlines then <noframes> component ought to be shown to the client.
So you should put a <body> component inside the <noframes> component on the grounds that the <frameset> component should supplant the <body> component, yet in the event that a program does not comprehend <frameset> component then it ought to comprehend what is inside the <body> component which is contained in a <noframes> component.
You can put some decent message for your client having old programs. For instance, Sorry!! your program does not bolster outlines. as appeared in the above illustration.
Casing's name and target qualities
A standout amongst the most prevalent employments of edges is to put route bars in a single casing and afterward stack principle pages into a different casing.
How about we see following case where a test.htm record has following code −
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>HTML Target Frames</title> </head> <frameset cols = "200, *"> <frame src = "/html/menu.htm" name = "menu_page" /> <frame src = "/html/main.htm" name = "main_page" /> <noframes> <body>Your browser does not support frames.</body> </noframes> </frameset> </html>
Here, we have made two sections to load with two edges. The main casing is 200 pixels wide and will contain the route menu bar actualized by menu.htm record. The second section fills in outstanding space and will contain the fundamental piece of the page and it is actualized by main.htm record. For all the three connections accessible in menu bar, we have specified target outline as main_page, so at whatever point you click any of the connections in menu bar, accessible connection will open in primary page.
Following is the substance of menu.htm document
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <body bgcolor = "#4a7d49"> <a href = "http://www.google.com" target = "main_page">Google</a> <br /> <br /> <a href = "http://www.microsoft.com" target = "main_page">Microsoft</a> <br /> <br /> <a href = "http://news.bbc.co.uk" target = "main_page">BBC News</a> </body> </html>
Following is the substance of main.htm document −
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <body bgcolor = "#b5dcb3"> <h3>This is main page and content from any link will be displayed here.</h3> <p>So now click any link and see the result.</p> </body> </html>
Presently you can attempt to click joins accessible in the left board and see the outcome. The targetattribute can likewise take one of the accompanying esteems −
| Sr.No | Option & Description |
|---|---|
| 1 |
_self
Loads the page into the current frame.
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| 2 |
_blank
Loads a page into a new browser window. Opening a new window.
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| 3 |
_parent
Loads the page into the parent window, which in the case of a single frameset is the main browser window.
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| 4 |
_top
Loads the page into the browser window, replacing any current frames.
|
| 5 |
targetframe
Loads the page into a named targetframe.
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